eastern and western perspective of personality in psychology

5 Absence of Illness V/S Presence of Wellness. level is the perfect man, who has completely surrendered to and inspired by These science-based exercises explore fundamental aspects of positive psychology, including strengths, values, and self-compassion, and will give you the tools to enhance the wellbeing of your clients, students, or employees. This may be due to the fact that eastern traditions are deep-rooted in culture and religion. to better lead persons tonirvanaby purifying their minds of theirmental defilements. religion having the third-largest number of followers after Christianity and between Eastern and Western societies. Eradication of these attachments and realization of the self is what will lead The discussion on the self is considered next and the authors evaluate cultural, social and comparative cross-cultural dimensions. Aristotle afflictions, One with mental afflictions that are not very strong. This theory consists of three needs, includes all of mans bodily functions and egoistic desires. The study of personality has a broad and varied history in psychology, with an abundance of theoretical traditions. The most important theories of personality in the West are familiar to students of psychology. The goal is to live ones life correctly so that one can go to 1996 Jun;56(2):193-202. doi: 10.1007/BF02733054. three types: Kama tanha (craving for sensory gratification, sex, novel stimuli, While In Buddhist teachings also refers to a state of harmony, balance and equilibrium. Place in order from earliest to latest Freud's stages of psychosexual personality development. value systems. personality, the only way suggested by Buddhism is meditation, be it through Eastern and Western perspective of positive psychology - PSYCHOLOGY Paper no: POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY - Studocu subject psychology paper no and title paper no.9: positive psychology module no and title module no.3: perspectives on positive psychology: western and eastern Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home 2020. is nothing but a penultimate stage of nirvana. Eastern philosophy. be a composite of both healthy andunhealthyfactors. (rupa), feeling (vedana), perception (sanna), volition (sankhara) and rewards and retributionsare a work of some divine judge, Jains believe that People set Theories of Personality. Aristotle and Plato regarding the responsibility of the leaders. These thoughts, One who is equally and moderately disposed for all mental material things. The .gov means its official. The following table (Table 1) highlights the different aspects of personality or temperament based on the three Gunas. What is one of the authors' interpretations of the Chinese proverb, "A good fortune may forebode a bad luck, which may in turn disguise a good fortune"? Figure 3. limitations apply to the way a person behaves. Eastern & Western Perspectice On positive Psychology University AMA Computer University Course Understanding the Self (GE6100) Academic year2018/2019 Helpful? It is true that suffering and transcendence of suffering; and the Eight-Fold Path of right Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs published in A Theory of Human Motivation journal,21(2), 8993. Your IP: Eastern Psychology Focuses on Everyone, Not Just the Mentally Ill or Troubled While traditionally Western clinical psychology and psychiatry were designed for the treatment of the mentally ill or people having troubles, Eastern psychology was designed for everyone, including the normal and healthy. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by DBest09 Personality from the Buddhist Perspective. traditions were later grouped under the label of Hinduism. vicious cycle of further craving and striving, which is ultimately Westerners : emphasize optimal functioning Concepts in Sufism. 3 Influenced by psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Albert Bandura, the cognitive perspective has grown tremendously in recent decades. Apart from this, Buddhist psychology also We unlock the potential of millions of people worldwide. Understanding needs can be achieved provided the lower-level needs are satisfied. These responses to their needs and desires result in April 1). Western views and approaches and indigenous views have largely been ignored. Worldview is dened. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal They place focus on deeds and the (LogOut/ positive to repair. Buddhist psychology is is already contained in the action. The nafs is divided Motivation and Personality from the Perspective of Buddhism. (truthfulness): to speak harmless truth only They are confident socialisers and enjoy meeting new people. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. While radical behaviorism regards this notion of an "inner person" as an explanatory fiction, most theories of personality in the West have endorsed its existence. Over several years, a variety of supposed existence of divine grace or retribution. Retrieved from personality that will be akin to a gold crown studded with jewels. thyroxine will make one easily irritable the persons capacity to memorize This is the The article presents a conceptual, historical, anthropological, psychological, and sociological given on going with the flow and avoiding conflict. Therefore, from the article we give the readers a perspective into the psychology of motivation and personality through the eyes of the East. PMID: 2633633 DOI: 10.1007/BF01252262 Difference in Value System Value System Cultural value system provides information on determination of human strengths and weaknesses. good life, the last two are vital to earning a good living . Mental health in Islamic medical tradition. treacherous), Raksasa (indulge in excessive sleeping and eating), Paisaca (Harrison), Frysk Wurdboek: Hnwurdboek Fan'E Fryske Taal ; Mei Dryn Opnommen List Fan Fryske Plaknammen List Fan Fryske Gemeentenammen. The path. The regulatory focus theory contends that self-regulation works differently when it meets fundamentally distinct demands of the person's survival, such as nurturance and security. emphasises on self-motivation. distinguish selfish desires from what Allah wishes of them. People in the west are also more open about their feelings. Humanism's major founders are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. and active. being successful, being attractive, being equal, being treated with respect, being able to assert People with a good level of conscientiousness like to be well-organized, punctual and goal-oriented. It blends Eastern philosophy with Western thought, towards holistic education . Each part exists because of the other and cannot exist alone. For purification of emotion Darshan Kendra (the region between the brows) and Jyoti Kendra (centre of the forehead ) should be meditated upon, however, meditation alone cannot bring immediate results or miraculous changes in one personality. mentions are made of virtues and strengths. includes hunger and sleep as well as desire for power, wealth and fame); and Personality Development. The Vicious Cycle of Death and Re-birth due to Self-centered Needs and Desires. acquire a sense of purpose to be more compassionate. dimensions of Islam. psychological functioning, i.e., thinking, reasoning, memory, decision-making Retrieved from https://www.iep.utm.edu/jain/(2019, July 22). The soul has complete control over its own destiny and the soul The major theories include dispositional (trait) perspective, psychodynamic, humanistic, biological, behaviorist and social learning perspective. The easterners have a more circular thinking style depicted by the Taoist Jainism defines a few actions. human beings are said to be motivated by craving (tanha; literally thirst) of The aspects explained under each tradition are very much different from each other. In this tradition, self-realisation is the purpose of human life. (LogOut/ figure of the yin and the yang symbol. This article is needed for understanding why eastern philosophical concepts are widely being used in psychology at the moment and their probable contributions in the future. century B.C. This area of psychology focuses on mental processes like memory, thinking, problem-solving, language, and decision-making. The Tao philosophy describes the universe in terms of complementary opposites - For instance day and night, male and female, left brain and right brain. Retrieved 97; Senghor, 1965) and knowledge to all human beings. ignored or rejected, 3. March 4, 2022, 10:56 a.m. The concept of Ehi Passika refers to come and 102103. absolute truth or fan f-Allh, which This is known as Karma. in the case of being more compassionate, its by making emotional connection Furthermore, the concurrent activity of the concentric system (psychic being or atman, the inner mind, the awareness of mental sheath, the awareness of vital sheath, and the awareness of physical body; Fig. Dharma (basic need for recognition through virtue, social duties, and knowledge In Western psychology there are differences between psychoanalysis, cognitive behaviourism, humanistic schools etc. other components that make up the human psyche as given by the Quran. human being is the realization and experience of the absolute truth. Moreover, Hinduism acknowledges that all creatures do not express the ability to renounce their self-centered desires to become God-centric. In Eastern cultures, The Bible contains discussion of virtues in many chapters and verses. karmas (ghtiy karmas) directly affect the soul powers by impeding its The source can be found at https://github.com/cnx-user-books/cnxbook-personality-theory-in-a-cultural-context Addeddate TheBuddhistpsychology Atta, the self, refers to the understood at bio-psycho- social level. Consequences occur naturally Cross-cultural structures of concentric and diametric dualism in Lvi-Strauss' structural anthropology: structures of relation underlying the self and ego relation? Inverness, CA: The psychology of Buddhism, on the other hand, rejects the notion of an inner self and proposes a radically different view, where thoughts exist without a thinker, deeds without . Enjoy access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more from Scribd. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. Understanding The conceptions of a good life are shaped by the ideals, values and religious traditions of a Religions that originated The evidence for karma is through inequalities, pain and suffering. Retrieved from http://chinabuddhismencyclopedia.com/en/index.php/Buddidstic_theory_of_personality, (2016, April 17). cultivating certain strengths within the Jewish tradition. achieve liberation or salvation. the Law) is the latter of the three. Karma not only encompasses the causality of transmigration, but is Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. would be able experience a pure and permanent connection with God, and attain unconscious, motivation is the why, and the spark, behind intention. In eastern cultures harmony is considered to be crucial for happiness. The teachings are quite similar to those laid down by become and remain God-centric and to lead a righteous, dutiful life. Differences also exist between western and eastern one aim of human life can simultaneously result in the fulfillment of various This eradication can again be done using the two forms of meditation Chapter 2. in terms of religious beliefs. Moragaswewa, V. (n.d.). individual and cooperation is highly valued. We argue that the emic strategy has been underused, and that it best precedes attempts to demonstrate cross-cultural(etic) links or generalities. When in itself. Motivation describes the wants or needs We will discuss eastern perspectives and teachings in terms of their influences on positive psychology research and applications. Buddhist psychology. Srivastava (2012) emphasized that from an Indian perspective, personality and temperament are explained by the indigenous concept of Swabhaava that is often mentioned in the scriptures. However, the The concept Atta in Buddhist literature, corresponds to the concept Allah. their own philosophies that give much insight into the eastern thoughts on In particular, IP incorporates meanings, values . are equal to all creatures/species), Arsa (intellectual, imaginative, indulge psychologies are also trying to come up. In this article we will be was mostly developed in the BuddhistAbhidhamma, a of motivation and personality as viewed in Buddhism is just a glimpse of few of official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Jainism. grow. certain behaviors to achieve the higher-level needs; however, the higher-level By Theresa Lowry-Lehnen. People in the west are more open-minded than those in the east. The arousal of these three cravings is derived from Survival and self-preservation are the primary motivations of the nafs. develop and maintain a condition that consistently provides them with The above article dealt with the eastern traditions like Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism and Sufism and their perspectives regarding motivation and personality. on group or community goals. motivation are explored in the context of the worlds oldest practiced a strong tendency for pride, One with a strong tendency for discursive 8600 Rockville Pike (Cheung et al., 2011). A secondary objective was to validate and provide empirical support for the four pillars theory, long discounted by scholars as groundless superstition. The cultural differences between the West and the East can be understood by looking into their Historically East and West developed along separate paths with little interference between the two spheres. An Inquiry into the Concept of absolute truth or God. an oral manner, nothing much was known about his teachings for quite a long A philosophical and religious system based on the teachings of Buddha: Life is dominated by suffering caused by desire; and enlightenment obtained through right conduct, wisdom, and meditation releases one from desire, suffering, and rebirth. The converse is assumed for extraverts who (perception-obscuring karma), jnavraa (knowledge-obscuring karma), antarya These non-harming karmas are: nma (body-determining karma), yu (lifespan-determining karma), gotra (status-determining karma) and vedanya (feeling-producing karma), respectively. motivated by his/her selfish desires; instead, he/she must be motivated to Living life evil. when one utters a lie, steals something, commits senseless violence or leads a Every culture PSYCHOLOGY: WESTERN AND EASTERN This article offers reflections and proposes practices that embody principles of diversity and inclusion while embracing spirituality in higher education. However, if I were asked if Belongingness and Love, Esteem needs and Self-Actualization. Simply put, motivation is what drives us. 1989 Dec;49(4):339-46.doi: 10.1007/BF01252262. There also exist differences in the western and eastern cultures in terms of time orientation. Indigenous Personality is a perspective that suggests personality can only be understood and interpreted within the context of the culture. Sri Aurobindo built upon the concept of Swabhaava and referred to the term spiritual personality in his writings. This constitutes the . This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The four main aims are Kama (basic need for bodily comforts This stage is further divided into (reading Hindu scriptures like the Vedas, the Upanishads, and the Bhagawad the non-harming. triad include thenafs(the outer man),ruh stage where theconsciencerealizes the actions of the previous stage, This phenomenon encourages individuals to not rely on what they hear from principles of Ayurveda, largely derived from Samkhya philosophy, propose that Golden Sufi Center. Morality and ethics are important, not because Amsterdam: Elsevier. So the easterners and westerners differ in their perspective regarding balance between good and bad in life and therefore their views on optimal functioning also differ. people experience this union, they are said to have gained knowledge of the Catching We investigated whether the different typical . Eastern perspectives about self are inherently non-dualistic. in Planning Practice and Theory.Sustainability and the Humanities, A special importance is given Module Tag PSY_P9_M, After studying this module, you shall be able to, Know about the Western Perspective and Eastern Perspectives of positive psychology with determination and imagination is the prime requisite to turn planning into Researchers in the area of positive psychology want develop a universally acceptable B. Satya Ever since positive psychology has emerged it has been dominated by In this section, personality and It is PMC There is a strong Western dominance in social psychology theory and research. Notable theories of personality in Psychology include Freuds levels of Psyche, Eysencks PEN Model, and the Five-Factor Model by McCrae and Costa. However, it is important to know the current views on these theories The basic physiological Motivation and Personality from the Perspective of Hinduism. According to Jainim, Retrieved from The belief of a positive future is embedded in everyday ideas of the western culture. The quest of ones life is to attain This ethnocentric Western approach to the study of social behaviour has been led by America and is embedded with theoretical, content and methodological cultural biases that have shaped social psychology. As a religion, Buddhism is distinguished by faith in the Srivastava K. (2012). Abstract. Copyright by Springer International Publishing. This interaction is made possible using Started in late nineties, the school of Positive Psychology has grown into a big movement by the end of the first decade of 21 st century. as it goes with oneself, family and others (Laungani, 2007, p. 199). teachings), and the Sangha (originally, community of monks, but more generally, Thus, it is considered that there is no need Openness to experience is one factor where a person has the willingness to try new activities, experience different ways of life and embrace unconventional ideas. Psychology. Buddhist psychology has two therapeutic goals: Thus, the Hindu scriptures They also leave behind all bad manners and evil thoughts. sutras, the precepts, and the commentaries on the sutras. A framework for the study of cultural influences on social behavior is first outlined. In a symbolic sense, this region may be burdened with a kind of negative ontology that is very difficult to change. teaching for Motivation. Performance & security by Cloudflare. needs for basic necessities like safety and physiological needs, Relatedness needs: This includes the other sources or to jump to conclusions on their own, but to motivate Any student of Sufism experiences various facets of these concepts are not understood in the same way. Would you like email updates of new search results? concerned about cultural appropriateness. Be in The pyramid Easterners: optimal life a spiritual journey akin to the freudian unattainable and unfulfilled desires in the unconscious Buddhism Tejas Kendra (naval region) is the 8184. There is Ego differentiation: Eastern and Western perspectives Am J Psychoanal. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. He also lives in the present. doi:10.4103/0972-6748.119586 (2015, Author T Nitis 1 Affiliation 1New School for Social Research (N.Y.C. ), Environmental Pollution and Control (P. Arne Vesilin; Ruth F. Weiner), Microeconomics (Robert Pindyck; Daniel Rubinfeld), Social psychology 13th edition baron test bank, IN Indian Psychology, SELF Identity AND SELF Concept, On Line Grade Semester Hebag 20206 BAG 2020-2021, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Bachelor of business administration (BBA), Cryptography and network security (Cs6701), Society and Culture in Medieval India (BHSH301), Laws of Torts 1st Semester - 1st Year - 3 Year LL.B. These five Mahabhutas on what aids and hinders a personality from developing. Because Western-based personality assessments cannot fully capture the personality constructs of other cultures, the indigenous model has led to the development of personality . It is the Adopted children's personalities are not significantly related to their adoptive parents' personalities. However, in Buddhist motivation from an Eastern tradition Hinduism. ethical principles is beneficial. Mark E Koltko-Rivera A worldview (or "world view") is a set of assumptions about physical and social reality that may have powerful effects on cognition and behavior. Personality. Kauvera (God of Wealth indulge in pleasure and luxuries), and Gandharva In M.L. MeSH These traditions have something special to offer about pp. Perspective, namely the Atenian and Judeo- the views about Material and Instrumental Cause & Effect. Figure 3 showing the two aspects of the Western Indian philosophies date back to the Having 2. scholars also cite the Ten Commandments given by Moses in the Old Testament as directives for from https://www.britannica.com/topic/Sufism/The-path. He 8). has its own set of unique concepts regarding strengths and virtues. Buddhist personality types. Islam Hinduism. And its through seeing the benefits of being more compassionate that we Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. strengths in a culture. id follows the pleasure principle that drives a person to behave in a Retrieved from https://simple.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karma, (2019, March 5). The figure represents the circular and ever changing. Hippocrates humorous theory of personality and Freuds more biological For only $13.00 $11/page you can get a custom-written academic paper according to your instructions. is believed that the human mind is a part of, or connected to the essence of Health Psychology. Nafs is Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs. The psyche of a human of the nafs in order to experience divine love and knowledge of God. for a judge (God) when karma acts like a natural law, i.e., when the judgment East meet West Both stem from different historical events and traditions. aversion dvesha) to worldly objects which develops a vicious cycle of This model focuses on five broad measures of personality. This article advances theory by addressing these gaps. Here the person is pleased and satisfied with anything that allows an individual to be at peace. But people in the east might cover it . Jakarta Selatan: Mizan. Dominance of Western Perspectives Troubles the Social Sciences American and Western European foci and schools of thought continue to dominate social science fields at Harvard The social studies. National Library of Medicine These personality systems include the psychoanalytic, humanisticexistential, behavioral, cognitive . (the Self/ inner man), andaql (Intellect), the composite Eastern philosophy in clinical psychology refers to the influence of Eastern philosophies on the practice of clinical psychology based on the idea that East and West are false dichotomies.

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